E-ging Solutions is a world-leading Shanghai translation company with specialties in interpretation.
Interpretation is an international business activities is an
important component. With the deepening of China's opening up, foreign
exchanges become more frequent, more and more foreign institutions and
enterprises to pour in, set up camp in China. Thereby requiring a large number
of translators involved in the negotiations, the quality and quantity of
translators requirements are getting higher and higher, raise the level of
translation, especially interpreters to meet the needs of foreign business has
become increasingly important. To some extent, the difficulty of interpreting
rather than translation. And translators, "the letter, and Elegance"
compared the characteristics of interpretation is "accurate, smooth,
fast" and "fast" embodies the characteristics of the most
prominent interpreters. Due to time constraints, so even though skilful
translators and made full preparations, but stuck in the translation,
duplication, nonsense, and even topsy-turvy situation will arise from time to
time. So how to reduce errors in the process of interpreting and responding to
the problems in interpreting it?
First, business interpretation skills and coping
strategies
1. The appropriate tone
Interpreters tone is appropriate, the success of
the work of interpreters great relationship. Because the English language
phoneme assimilation (assimilation), sound length (lengthening), tonal
(liaison) and omitted (elision) and other phenomena, so the interpreter should
correctly grasp the information in accordance with the speaker's intonation,
accent, speed, rhythm, etc. and, when interpreting the proper use of
intonation, stress, etc. the central idea of the speaker as well as
"warm", "cold", "angry", "funny" and
other mood or attitude expressed accurately. In addition, interpreters should
be loud sound, harmony, rhythm steady, tone appropriate. In the process of
interpretation to avoid two extremes:
First, to avoid tone dull, dull, lifeless. Tired
of dull tone makes the audience, sleepy, make speaker dissatisfaction. Another
wonderful speech has become so bland, and then enthusiastic audience to hear
this tone will feel drowsy.
The second is to avoid too rich tone, even hoarse,
dancing, so make the audience laugh, detrimental to their image and dignity.
Generally speaking, the interpreters speak little
flat tone than the original speech some people as well, gesturing should be
cautious. Some irascible former speaker, stand up when something in his speech
stressed speech, or pointing to someone else speak. This has been less polite,
if the interpreters speak the same way, causing laughter.
The Italian translation of long sentences into
groups
English sentence structure and sentence structure
of Chinese is not one to one relationship. In order to adapt to the Chinese
habit of expression, when translated into Chinese, they tend to change the
sentence structure of English. The so-called sub-translation, is to change the
structure of a translation of the original sentence. Its essence is that the
original composition of the longer sentences, or difficult to arrange the
sentence components, sub-out translated phrase. Therefore, use of sub
translated means, both the long English sentence into a few short sentences,
short sentences translated achieve long; can be put into a special structure phrase
phrases, make translation easy to understand. In interpreting, the interpreter
should learn to punctuate according to the Italian group, that is a long
sentence a few short sentences or main clause disconnect translation,
translated into several mutual response, meaning a coherent phrase. Eg: Another
t rade policy tool used by the EEC / to ensure that China has every opportunity
to sell it s goods on our market / is the inclusion of China into our
generalized system of preferences.
This sentence can be divided into three Italian
group, in general, the speaker finished after an Italian group will pause when
pause, translators have a chance to think, understand, and even translated into
the corresponding Chinese processed. And other speakers had finished the
sentence, a complete Chinese translation can one go:
"EEC took another trade measures to ensure
that China can make unhindered goods entering our market, this measure is to
agree with China enjoying GSP."
Another example: The fact that your total export s
to the EEC increased by 41% in 1979 / after declining in 1978 / and increased
again by 52% in 1980 / suggest s that the small number of remaining product s
under rest riction / present no real hindrance to the continual expansion of
Chinese export s to Europe.
This long sentence can be broken into five Italian
group, translated as: "You total exports to the European Economic
Community in 1978, after an increase of 41% decline in 1979, 1980 has increased
by 52%, the fact that the restricted few commodities really not prevent the
Chinese continue to expand exports to Europe. "some sentences, though not
long, but when disconnected to handle more colloquial phrase is appropriate
because modern Chinese, less hierarchical. Eg: I am very glad to hear that the
cont ract has been sighed only after two rounds of discussions.
This sentence can be translated as:
(1) I am glad to hear that, after only two rounds
of negotiations, the contract is signed to come.
(2) I heard that after two rounds of negotiations
in the contract to be signed, and I am very happy.
(1) sentence translation little Europeanization,
and subsection (2) sentence translation is more colloquial, more in line with
the Chinese habit. There are all part of the long sentence does not necessarily
translate, as long as the meaning of the whole sentence can be translated out,
but not out meaning.
3. flexibility to deal with big numbers
encountered in interpreting
Business English figures are often encountered
problems, untrained people tend to go wrong. Expression of numbers, between the
two languages have their own characteristics, different way of expression.
Chinese is one, ten, hundred, thousand, million, one hundred thousand, one
million, ten million, one hundred million, one billion, it is a multiple of
"ten" to express; and English is more than one thousand in the
digital future, with "thousands "(thousand) expressed in multiples.
Such as "ten thousand" is "ten thousand", ie, ten thousand;
"one hundred thousand" is the "heavenly", ie hundred
thousand, until the "one million" (million). More than one million
figure is "one million" expressed in multiples; such as
"Never" is the "ten million", ie ten million; "one
hundred million" is "one hundred million", ie hundredmillion,
until the "billion" (billion). Encountered a series of big numbers in
interpreting how to deal with as well?
The first way: omitted. Such as: the Company's
total imports and exports in 1996 was $ 8 billion, of which exports of $ 5.2
billion and imports $ 2.8 billion. In 1996 our total import and export volume
amount to eight thousand million US dollars, 52 hundred for export, 28 hundred
for import.
The sentence, 52 hundred and 28 hundred behind are
omitted million, but does not misleading, sentences are very concise. This
interpretation is allowed, are also common.
Another approach is to note, with the notes to
help you remember. Where encountered "million" and "hundreds of
thousands" is to be turned into "ten thousand",
"heavenly." When recording the above figures immediately written 10,
000, and 100, 000, translate it easy. As written record 30,000, 300,000, it
would be quickly converted into a "thirty thousand", "Three
Hundred Thousand" and then when the interpreter translated. So how to
write down the figure is a problem. If you know in advance a particular
interpretation will encounter a series of numbers, you can draw the table
below, to hear the numbers, quickly fill in the table below:
One billion
billion
110 million
Million
million
1,000 million
Thousand
thousand
One hundred ten
Third, for the millions of digital expression
easiest method is to use a digital millions of expression after point number,
such as 3960000 can be said to 3. 96 million; 3, 965 million of 39. 65 million;
3 $ 209 , 6.5 million is 396. 5 million; after such a push, one billion
(billion) over the number "billion" is "ten billion" is
12,900,000,000 12. 9 billion.
4. calmly remedy mistakes Interpreting
When encountered in the process of interpretation
is not translated temporary how to do? How to remedy a mistake? Encountered
such problems, translators to keep calm and find out why. If an interpreter to
understand the original intent, but I do not know how to decode, then according
to word formation, with Context for calm analysis, paraphrase, or use
interpretive methods to express intent. If interpreters are not familiar with
the original intent, and no one suggests that translation is not the last to
admit it. But it can ask the speaker to say it again meaning. Of course,
sometimes also with other written materials. You can also ask the speaker to
explain the meaning of its meaning, or ask the speaker to use other words or
phrases in place of, or ask the speaker to use other languages narrative, you
can also ask the audience. Interpreters have found an error, you should look
for appropriate opportunities to correct, even the smallest mistake. After the
mistake, should take the initiative to tell the speaker and the audience,
apologized for the error as soon as possible in order to eliminate, to
ascertain the truth, in exchange losses.
Others found even the smallest mistakes, as long
as the interpreters made, the translator should humbly accept, do not explain,
not to dispute. Even found someone accused is wrong, it should maintain the
right attitude, do not dwell, do not affect the work, even when the scapegoat
when necessary to ensure the smooth progress of the interpreters. For other
translators errors are generally not publicly identified. Because everyone has
his own opinions, even if others are wrong, you can put these down on paper,
and handed the officer, asking them to consider whether their own should be
corrected. Of course, others take the initiative to ask for help, you should
treat enthusiasm. When listeners since
Has asked not understand, hoping to say it again,
the translator should be clear to say again.
5. Interpreters can under the circumstances to
make appropriate additions
As you know, the ultimate goal is to translate
clearly know each other to express the speaker's meaning, to make them sound
pleasant but not boring. To do this, in addition to the original meaning of the
words to express it faithfully, but sometimes slightly little
"seasoning." For example, China's Jiangsu Wuxi Huishan clay figurines
plant root master artist Chen, Yan during Australia Melbourne Performances and
customers to introduce myself, said: "I am Wuxi, the invitation of the
Chinese community here to participate in the Chinatown Arts Festival, to here
is just the first day of New Year's Day. "due to different cultural
practices between the two countries, Melbourne people on the" New Year
"concept not everyone understood, and most local people" Wuxi
"location are not familiar with, when interpreters translate the above two
points were extended:. "I'm f rom Wuxi, a fairly rich city know as' the
town of rice and fish'in J iangsu Province nor far f rom Shanghai At the
invitation of China Town Association I've come to attend the Art Festival here.
The first day of my arrival happened to be the t raditional Chinese lunar New
Year's Day. "
The master decent honest mind how to think, how to
say his mouth, what beautiful words did not choose:. "I pinch clay
figurine from China with mud brought our hometown mud well, whatever the rice
fields of mud . they are very good, I want to party on the square, the circle
on the circle you want them here, mud no, they do not listen to me. "His
words literally not enough time if mildly, so the interpreter translated the
last two sentences.: "But I'm very sorry to say the earth here is not suitable
to make the clay figures. It just does not listen to me although the people
here are so f riendly." the presence of people who listened to not only do
not resent, but very kindly laughed.
6. Avoid the process of interpretation and
intermittent pauses
Whether impromptu translation and simultaneous
interpretation and may have intermittent pauses, which is a taboo interpreters
should be avoided, should you encounter this situation can learn from sports
instructors approach the game in the "pause ", the instructors did
not pause, they use the opportunity to explain the physical conditions of
athletes, past athletic performance, and these are to attend to the fierce
competition in the process. An interpreter encounters the gap should be
repeated in another way an important part of the front. As previously tainted
translation is to be supplemented, as previously mistranslated then be
corrected, such as are not, you can use some dang extension of words such as
"you know" (You see), "I want to say" (I mean to say),
"as I just said" (As I was saying just now), "it is like this,
you know." (It's like this, you know.) and the like. Avoid "⋯⋯ ah ⋯⋯",
"this ⋯⋯",
"That ⋯⋯ that ⋯⋯"
In addition, using the phrase to make the meaning
more clear, you can avoid the gap caused by long sentences and pause.
Second, Conclusion
In summary, the work involved in all aspects of
interpretation, difficult, to become a qualified interpreter, only some coping
strategies and skills is not enough, the scene interpretation is highly intense
and creative mental work, which Quality translators are closely linked, and
foreign language proficiency interpreters, ability to respond to the scene
scene and atmosphere
Ability to grasp on the language ability to adapt
to different styles and good mental adaptability are essential. "Rome was
not built in a day", techniques and methods of interpretation only in the
practice of continuous exploration, not rigidly adhere to a fixed pattern, the
quality of interpreters can be gradually increased.
