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A lot of times when people find out I speak Arabic, I get asked the following question: "Is Arabic the same as Farsi?" The answer is no — Arabic is not the same as Farsi — but I usually go into a bit more detail than that because I like people to get a feel for these two languages and how they compare and contrast with one another.
The Arabic Alphabet
After explaining that the two languages are in fact different, I then explain that they use the same alphabet. The Arabic alphabet is the basis for several languages including Farsi, Kurdish, Pashto, and Urdu. Even Turkish was written in the Arabic alphabet up until the last century. Each of these languages has some variation in lettering — but they all share the same foundation.
They Look Similar, But Sound Completely Different
The next thing I usually tell people is that although the two languages share the same alphabet, the languages are completely different. This explanation doesn't usually resonate with anyone until I go into further detail by comparing two languages such as Portuguese and French and how they share the same alphabet but are far from being the same language.
Language Groups and Families
That usually clears things up, but in truth, Farsi and Arabic are even more different than Portuguese and French because they don't have a language group in common. Portuguese and French are both Latin, or Romance, languages while Farsi and Arabic represent two different language groups: Iranian and Semitic, respectively. In fact, Farsi is not only in a separate language group from Arabic but it's also in a separate language family. Arabic is in the Afro-Asiatic family while Farsi is in the Indo-European family.
Coincidentally, Portuguese is also in the Indo-European language family, but it also differs from Farsi in many ways. Perhaps next time I'm asked about Farsi vs. Arabic I'll say, "Farsi is actually more closely related to Portuguese." However, given the fact that they are spoken in nations almost 3,500 miles apart, it would probably be best not to confuse matters even more.
